Bukhara is one of the most ancient cities of Uzbekistan . The cultural layer on the territory occupied by city is more than 20 meters. It was exactly the depth where archaeologists have discovered the remnants of residential and public dwellings along with coins, houseware, tools and jewelry dated 4 BS. Therefore, the age of Bukhara itself is 2500 years. Back in the ancient times it was a part of one of the Central Asia regions - Sogd, where troops of Alexander the Great have passed. Not far from the city the remnants of antic settlement Varakhsha could be found. It was know with its gorgeous wall painting, representing the scenes of cheetah hunting.
Fortress Ark is considered to be Bukhara 's Center, where the rulers and their servants used to live. Behind its walls the actual city - shakhristan was build. It was surrounded by trade-and-vocational suburbs - rabad. The Great Silk Road crossed Bukhara . More than 60 caravansaries accommodating the merchants from India , China , Iran and other countries had been placed here.
With Arabs took over, Islam was brought in to Bukhara in 7 AD. Since that time mosques and minarets, madrasahs and cultural complexes have been built. Over thousand years the Samanid's mausoleum keeps amazing the people with its beauty, perfect harmony and genius design. The architectural complexes Poi-Kalyan, Lyabi-Haus, Gaukushon and others are the best examples of medieval architects' creations. In Bukhara itself many monuments of dwelling architecture, palaces, bathhouses and trade facilities have been preserved. Special enchantments contain the architectural complexes outside the city - Bahavuddin, Chor-Bakr, Toshmachit and others.
In the preserved monuments, the specific features of local unique architectural school can be clearly seen, which proves the outstanding mastership of Bukhara 's architects.
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